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DIFFERENCES BETWEEN ABLE ACT ACCOUNTS AND SPECIAL NEEDS TRUSTS

Published on: January 8, 2016 | by Ettinger Law Firm

WHAT IS BEST FIT

Both an ABLE Act account and a special needs trusts try to accomplish essentially the same thing. Both attempt to ensure that a special needs child or person are financially planned for through various legal and financial means so as to enrich the life of the beneficiary. An ABLE Act account as well as a special needs trust also aim to protect the beneficiaries valuable governmental benefits that utilize a means based testing for eligibility purposes. While both products roughly accomplish the same thing, one may be better at accomplishing one thing rather than the other.

TWO DIFFERENT MEANS TO ONE END

Health Care Power of Attorney Good Planning Tool for Seniors & Singles

Published on: October 19, 2015 | by Ettinger Law Firm

News reports reveal that America is increasingly becoming a nation of single people. For adults navigating life solo, careful planning about who will make health care decisions on their behalf in the face of unforeseen, incapacitating illness is a smart decision, especially for singles who are childless, have minor children and/or are estranged from their families. One available option is an advanced directive called a Durable Power of Attorney (DPOA) for health care. It allows singles to appoint an agent to step in and carry out their wishes when they are unable to make critical medical decisions for themselves.

Most states have enacted advanced directives legislation. This contract allows a person, called a principal, to designate to a selected agent the power to make decisions about the course of medical care should the principal become incapacitated. Decisions covered by a DPOA for health care include such things as the power to consent to or withdraw treatment for physical or mental conditions, or to determine when to initiate or terminate life-sustaining treatment.

Health care DPOA gives singles autonomy

Early Withdrawals from Qualified Retirement Plans

Published on: October 8, 2015 | by Ettinger Law Firm

Are you not quite at retirement age, but in need of early access to your qualified retirement plan account? If you are not close to retirement, are you thinking about taking a withdrawal or loan from your qualified retirement plan account to help out with the care of your aging parents or relatives? Whatever the reason may be, whether you will be able to withdraw or borrow funds from you qualified retirement account before the age of 59 ½ depends on the rules contained in your specific qualified retirement plan. Many qualified plans allow you to borrow up to one half of the fund balance as a loan, which you will typically have to pay back within 5 years at a modest interest rate to cover your loss of investment growth. An early withdraw will generally trigger tax penalties under the Internal Revenue Code (“IRC”) and leave you with a hefty tax bill, including a 10 percent penalty on the early withdrawal. You can avoid the 10 percent penalty in a variety of situations, including the following common circumstances.

Rollovers. Under section 72(t)(1) of the IRC, rollovers from a qualified plan or individual retirement account into another individual retirement account within 60 days from the date of the withdraw will not trigger the 10 percent penalty tax.

Beneficiary Distributions. If the owner of a qualified retirement plan or individual retirement account passes away, section 72(t)(2)(A)(ii) of the IRC provides that the penalty shall not apply if the distribution is to a beneficiary.

Federal Court Confirms Use of Annuities in Medicaid Planning

Published on: October 6, 2015 | by Ettinger Law Firm

Medicaid is a joint federal and state program that provides needed health care coverage for many americans, including those requiring long term care. Since Medicaid is a means-based program, individuals often need to spend down their assets in order to qualify for Medicaid. One way to accomplish this is through the purchase of short term annuities to reduce available assets for purposes of Medicaid. In Zahner v. Secretary, Pennsylvania Department of Human Services, the United States Court of Appeals (3rd Circuit) heard appeals from two individuals that applied for Medicaid, but were denied the advantage of using annuities to reduce their countable assets for purposes of eligibility. While the case arises out of Pennsylvania, it is instructive for those seeking Medicaid coverage in the State of New York, as well as other states.

Facts of the Case

In Zahner, two Medicaid applicants each made substantial gifts to family members leading up to their application and need for Medicaid institutional care, which lead to a period of ineligibility. To help cover the cost of their nursing facilities during the period of ineligibility the appellants purchased a short-term annuity. One applicant paid approximately $84,000 to receive approximately $6,000 over a 14 month period, and the other paid approximately $53,000 to receive approximately $4,500 over a 12 month period. Each annuitant paid $1,000 to set up the annuity. When including fees, the cost of the annuity exceed the return on both annuities. The state’s department of human services determined that the transactions were not annuities and counted the transaction as a resource for purposes of their application, thereby re-calculating the period of ineligibility for Medicaid institutional care.The Medicaid applicants sued, and the district court found that the annuities were sham transactions set up to shield assets for purposes of Medicaid eligibility. On appeal the 3rd Circuit considered whether the purchase of the annuities qualified for the safe harbor by which certain annuities are excluded as an available resource for purposes of Medicaid eligibility.

Nursing Home Contracts: Before You Sign On the Dotted Line

Published on: September 12, 2015 | by Ettinger Law Firm

At some point in your life you or a loved one may need full time care in a nursing home facility. As part of the process of being admitted into a nursing home you, on your own behalf or on behalf of a loved one, may have to sign a nursing home agreement that outlines the terms and conditions of your residency in the facility. This agreement, by whatever name it may be called, e.g., admission agreement, provider agreement, or nursing home contract, is a legally binding document that governs the relationship between you and the nursing home. For that reason it is important that you become familiar with the terms and conditions in the nursing home contract for your own benefit or to protect your loved one.

Understand Your Rights

Every nursing home resident has rights that nursing homes are required to honor. These rights include, among others, access to quality medical care, the freedom from discrimination and third party payment guarantees, and a complete and understandable disclosure of the facility’s rules and regulations. You have the right to be an active participant in your care, and be informed of your treatment, and the operations of the facility in which you or a loved one are a resident. However, sometimes nursing home facilities either ignore the rights of the patients in their facility, or act in a negligent manner. To the extent you have a dispute with the facility, residents have the right to assert your grievances to the nursing home, and even government officials, without the fear of reprisal.