Financial Planning

Mom Has Dementia and We Don’t Know What to Do

Published on: March 14, 2012 | by Ettinger Law Firm

There is no easy way for a family to deal with a senior grappling with a cognitive mental disease like dementia or Alzheimer’s. Like any health problems faced by loved ones, a family’s initial reaction is to try to get the senior the help they need. However, each New York elder law attorney at our firm understands that cognitive conditions are tricky, because the injury is not physical and often the senior may not be fully aware that they are even suffering from the problem at all.

One elder law advocate recently discussed this challenge in response to a reader question explaining her family’s difficulty dealing with her mother’s dementia. As published in the L.A. Times, the reader revealed that her 82-year old mother, who has dementia, began accusing the family of spying on her. As a result, the mother admitted to her doctor that she wouldn’t share anything about her health with them. The family has been left wondering what to do to help their ailing matriarch get through this difficult phase. Many local families visit our New York elder law estate planning attorneys with the same concerns about helping relative with cognitive issues.

For one thing, in many cases a doctor will not be willing (or legally able) to discuss the mother’s condition without legal documents in place. This is particularly true when the doctor suspects that there may be a family rift. Creating those legal documents is a large part of the work done by elder law estate planning lawyers. The documents help ensure that the senior can receive help with their legal, financial, and healthcare decisions. Creating a trust may allow a third party to manage an ailing senior’s assets. A durable Power of Attorney allows financial decisions to be made by another. Health Care Proxies are needed to make key medical decision when another is unable to do it on their own.

New York State Senior Support Agencies May Offer Fewer Services This Year

Published on: March 12, 2012 | by Ettinger Law Firm

The New York State Association of Area Agencies on Aging explained this week that because of the funding formula in place to provide aid to senior groups, many seniors may be offered fewer support services this year. As explained in the North Country Gazette, the New York State Office for Aging is required to apportion funds to counties based on census data–the more seniors a county has, the more funding it receives. This year marks the first that changes in senior populations from the 2010 U.S. Census will be accounted for in the funding system.

Our New York elder law attorneys appreciate this is funding mechanism means that some counties will have a harder time providing the same level of services that they did in the past. According to the Census data, every county in the state except one saw an increase in the senior population. Yet, those counties which saw a comparatively smaller percentage increase will likely have funding decreased for this year. That means that senior supporting agencies in those areas will have fewer resources to provide services to more seniors.

As a result of these funding shifts, for example, New York City will lose nearly $400,000 for its Department for the Aging. This will happen even though there was a 12.4% rise in the city’s over sixty population. The Erie County Department of Senior Services will lose roughly $340,000. The Schoharie County Office for Aging and Essex County Office for the Aging will both lose over $20,000–even though both were hit hard by Hurricane Irene and both have seen over a 20% rise in their senior population.

DOMA Developments May Have Implications for Married Same-Sex New York Couples

Published on: March 9, 2012 | by Ettinger Law Firm

The Defense of Marriage Act (DOMA) is a federal law passed in 1996 that defines marriage for federal purposes as only between one man and one woman. As our New York estate planning lawyers have often discussed, this means that same-sex couples married in our state are still not considered married for federal purposes. This has serious implications for tax preparation, estate planning, and a host of other concerns facing these residents. DOMA prevents married individuals from filing joint federal tax returns, receiving Social Security benefits, or having tax-free inheritances.

Many advocates on all sides of the aisle are working to overturn the law. Bills have been advanced in Congress which would repeal DOMA. However, with the current partisan split it appears unlikely that these legislative measures are likely to pass anytime soon. But that does not mean DOMA is here to stay. Most of the recent action on the issue has taken place in the courts. Several federal lawsuits have been filed which challenge the constitutionality of the legislation. President Obama has refused to defend the measure, and so the law is currently being defended under the auspices of the Republican leadership in the U.S. of Representatives.

Last month a U.S. District Court judge in one of those cases found that DOMA (or at least section 3 of the law) violates the equal protection clause of the U.S. Constitution. The case is being appealed to the federal appellate court. This particular ruling relates only to one provision of the law as applied to one couple. However, it is a clear indicator that the entirety of DOMA may one day–perhaps soon–be found unconstitutional.

Officials Warn of Common Scams Targeting the Elderly

Published on: March 6, 2012 | by Ettinger Law Firm

Some of society’s most unscrupulous are willing to do anything to make a buck–including taking it from others. The elderly are particularly vulnerable, which is why the senior financial exploitation business has grown into a multi-billion dollar a year industry. Getting accurate data on the overall scope of elder abuse is difficult because so much does not get reported. However, a federally funded National Institute of Justice study found that about ten percent of Americans over sixty had been targeted for some form of financial exploitation. A Met-Life, Inc. study last year estimated the annual loss from this financial abuse was nearly $3 billion.

Scammers target everyone, but our New York elder law attorneys know that seniors often make the ideal target because some have disabilities, may be less knowledgeable about the Internet or tech issues, and often live more isolated lives. To top it off, after a lifetime of building and working, many seniors can be counted on to have some assets and savings used to fund their golden years.

According to an AARP writer who pens a weekly column on these issues, some of the most commonly used current scams include:

More Americans Financially Supporting Aging Parents

Published on: October 31, 2011 | by Ettinger Law Firm

Last week Reuters discussed the growing number of adult Americans who are financially supporting their senior parents. As the author quips, many of these residents have becomes the “Bank of Sons and Daughters” after the recent financial crisis decimated the savings of many elderly family members. According to MetLife‘s new National Health and Retirement Study, the percentage of adult children spending time and money on their parent’s care has tripled in the last decade and a half. This comes as no surprise to our New York elder law attorneys who know that rising long-term care costs, the economic downturn, and failure to plan ahead for senior care places many families in tough situations when a loved one ages and needs extra day-to-day care.

The MetLife data found that roughly a quarter of all adults are currently providing at least some financial assistance to their parents. A similar survey from Caring.com suggests that adult children may be providing even more support, as thirty two percent of respondents said they’ve spent at least $5,000 on their parents’ living expenses within the last year. A large majority of that group admitted that supporting their parents leads them to worry about their own long-term financial situation. As one researcher involved in the data collection explained, “There are just a ton of families where the second or third generation needs to help the first generation. People are asking, a lot, about how to do it.”

Not only does financially supporting aging parents often place stress on the finances of the adult children, but, if not done properly, it may actually be harmful to the senior. As each New York elder law attorney at our firm has explained to local residents, it is important to properly tailor financial gifts such that they don’t inadvertently disqualify the parent from government benefits. Certain programs are in place to help seniors receive the care they need even if they do not have the resources to purchase it. However, qualification for those programs, such as New York Medicaid, is based on need. If adult children do not take those qualifications into account, they may unknowingly complicate their parent’s program participation.

Economic Uncertainty Leads to Rise in Estate Planning Interest

Published on: October 27, 2011 | by Ettinger Law Firm

An article this week from West Fair Online explained how professionals working with residents on financial issues have seen a significant increase in demand for their services as of late. While there may be a tendency among some to become paralyzed when the economy is so volatile, many others view the instability as a time to act prudently and plan ahead as much as possible. The article reports what our New York estate planners have long known: the need to have an estate plan remains strong regardless of the circumstances.

Experts know that the need for prudent planning is perhaps even more important at times like these, when there tax and policy uncertainties at the local, state, and federal levels. One planner interviewed for the story explained how in turbulent financial times “the area’s residents should have a vested interest in knowing what the stakes are for their assets.” While those residents at the top income levels are often more aware of how the laws affect them, many middle class families have just as much to gain by using the legal tools available to plan their financial future and save taxes in the long-term.

Most observers have applauded the steady rise in estate planning awareness. However, there are still a few groups which continue to neglect their planning needs. For example, many local small business owners continue to miss out on opportunities to visit with a New York estate planning lawyer to take care of long-term financial goals. Of course, small business owners wear many hats. Rarely do they have time to accomplish everything on their “to do” list each day. Yet, many benefits have been reported by those who have carved out time to visit with financial professionals to protect assets, create a succession plan, and conduct similar tasks.

Women Can Take Control of Family Estate Planning

Published on: August 12, 2011 | by Ettinger Law Firm

An experienced New York estate planning attorney has likely come to appreciate how asset preparation issues are particularly important for women. Demographics play a role in this reality. Women tend to outlive men, and a wife is more likely than a husband to be left alone after a disability or death. In addition, men frequently take charge of handling family financial affairs while alive and risk leaving their wives in an unfamiliar position if preparation is not conducted ahead of time.

Yet polls continue to reveal that it is only a minority of women who admit prioritizing estate planning or familiarizing themselves with family financial issues. A Forbes article yesterday discussed this disconnect between the importance of financial preparation for wives and their prioritization of it. The story mentioned that women are much more likely to experience a decline in their standard of living following the death of a spouse because of their longer life expectancy, tendency to marry older spouses, and lower lifetime earning average. Interestingly, this also means that wives frequently have the last word about where a couple’s assets ultimately end up–either to the family, charity, or tax coffers–particularly when the family had conducted no prior planning.

This makes it essential for women to become equal participants in the estate planning process or to take charge of the process if no preparation has yet been completed. While talking about mortality is rarely easy or light hearted, it is a topic that cannot be avoided in the end. The story’s author suggests that it is often helpful to have a series of conversations about the topic instead of trying to cover everything at once. Of course every couple will have their own ways of communicating. However, it may be useful to mention the need to consider the children, refer to someone who recently passed away, or bring up a news article that discussed estate plans.

The Medicaid Asset Protection Trust (MAPT) – Do’s and Don’ts

Published on: April 13, 2010 | by Ettinger Law Firm

by Michael Ettinger, Attorney at Law The Medicaid Asset Protection Trust (MAPT) is a technique commonly used by elder law attorneys. It consists of an irrevocable trust, usually set up by a parent of parents sixty-five and older. One or more of the adult children are named as “trustees” to manage the trust for the benefit of the “beneficiaries” who remain the parents during their lifetimes. For example, the parents retain the right to the exclusive use and enjoyment of the home and the income from all of the trust assets. The establishment and “funding” of the trust, i.e. retitling the home and the investments in the name of the trust, starts the five year look-back period running. After five years, those assets become exempt and are protected from the costs of long-term care.

Once the MAPT is established, there are certain things the parties can and cannot do. Below are a list of the “Do’s and Don’ts” concerning the MAPT.

Do’s