Articles Posted in Elder Law

Just when it seemed that the years-long New York estate battle related to the heiress Huguette Clark was over, another chapter develops. Last week the NY Daily News reported on a lawsuit filed by Clark’s estate against Beth Israel hospital over claims that administrators at the facility exploited the elder Clark for the institution’s own financial gain. This comes on the heels of a final settlement in Clark’s contested Will from 2005.

Exploitation Lawsuit

According to details released in the complaint, the Clark estate is seeking upwards of $100 million from the Beth Israel Medical Center which, the estate claims, was unlawfully taken from Clark by “secluding” the heiress in the hospital for decades in an effort to extract gifts from her (on top of charging rent).

The look and feel of elder care in the United States is changing. In the distant past, most care was provided by friends and family members at their own homes. Later, larger facilities (nursing homes) were built to provide more consistent care to all seniors, especially those without options for family support. Now, however, care is shifting back to the home. This change is pushed by many factors, including the rising costs of nursing home care and the preferences of individual seniors to avoid institutionalized living.

More Options Than Ever

One interesting driver of the change are advances in technology which offer increasing support options available to seniors living at home. A Huffington Post story explored the different ways that these tools are helping improve elder care. While some of the most advanced systems are still in the works, many simple tech tools are already being pushed out to greatly improve senior services.

Most fears about moving into a nursing home concern abuse and neglect. After living independent lives on one’s own, it is easy to understand why seniors may wish to avoid moving into a facility where they will rely on others (strangers) for day to day aid. Unfortunately, beyond the physical, emotional, and sexual mistreatment that can occur at these facilities, there is another risk–financial theft.

Wide Scope

As the USA Today reported recently, far too many nursing home workers use their position of control to enrich themselves at the expense of the residents in their care. One of the most common crimes is stealing discreetly from nursing home controlled trust accounts. When moving into a home, many seniors have their personal savings moved into trust funds managed by the facility. Yet, without properly oversight, those funds can be raided for personal gain without anyone ever discovering the problem. Even when it is discovered, it is sometimes too late for the senior to get any money returned. According to some advocates, this is a problem that has flown under the radar too long.

Many New Yorkers remain unfamiliar with the benefit and flexibility of using trusts to plan for the future and protect assets in the present. Trusts can prove useful for all residents, including most middle class families. In our work with estate planning, we often help set up basic living trusts which help avoid probate and streamline the inheritance process. On the elder law side, Medicaid Asset Protection Trusts are used to protect assets from the “spend down” requirement needed to qualify for Medicaid and secure necessary long-term care.

Beyond those two trusts, however, there are many other options that may prove useful depending on your specific situation. A LifeHealthPro article last week discussed a few “specialty” trusts. A review of the topic is a helpful way to get an idea of the true scope of trusts and the many different ways that they may be used to carry out very specific wishes.

For example, some of the trusts mentioned in the story include:

Elder neglect is a concern for all New York families. When conducting long-term care planning, at the forefront of many minds is ensuring one does not end up in a poor care facility that is prone to abuse and mistreatment. With so many horror stories coming out of some nursing homes, this is a natural concern.

But believe it or not, some elder care advocates suggest that the single most prevalent problem is elder self-neglect. This refers to situations where a senior is in need of extra care for any number of daily tasks and fails to do anything about it. An Examiner story on the subject notes that, when using statistics from the Public Policy Institute of AARP, nearly fifty percent of all reported cases of neglect by be of this variety.

The Causes of Self-Neglect

The New York Medicaid system is the largest in the nation. As most know, Medicaid is a joint federal-state program, paid for by both entities. While federal parameters must be met, each state is free to decide upon various details of the program, including eligibility and extensiveness of support provided. New York has elected to open Medicaid to many residents with comparatively generous support.

Of course, the more expansive system comes with a high price tag. In order to ensure every dollar spent on the program is used efficiently, the state has engaged in a recent push to crack down on Medicaid fraud.

NY Visiting Nurse Service Problem

A common theme in recent years regarding long-term care in New York is the shuttering of county-owned public nursing homes. Historically, facilities to provide specialized care to seniors were built in different communities, with operation and ownership in the hands of local policymakers. But with financial pressures mounting, that format is changing quickly.

In the latest news on the same topic, WAMC reported earlier last month on the state audit which found that many county homes were in poor financial health. For example, the story point to the fiscal challenges faced by the facility in Saratoga County. The report notes that the county’s entire budget was in trouble because of the cost of subsidizing the home.

According to the New York State Comptroller’s audit, the county’s general fund balance was more than halved in the period from the beginning of 2010 to the end for 2012 (from nearly $25 million to just over $10 million). This massive loss of reserves was caused almost exclusively by the increased fiscal burden of the local nursing home–Maplewood Manor. In order to keep the long-term care facility in operation, the county was forced to put $13 million into the facility from reserves.

As noted several weeks ago, October is officially known as “Residents’ Rights Month” — a time to share information about the rights of seniors living in all forms of senior housing facilities. Many New York residents have heard horror stories from friends, family members, and acquaintances about inadequate care at nursing homes. This is actually a spur that leads many to take matters into their own hands, crafting an elder law estate plan to protect themselves and their loved ones.

Regardless, we can all agree that abuse of seniors is never acceptable, no matter what the setting. In the spirit of raising awareness of this problem, it is worth taking a look at an Elder Abuse Fact Sheet that was released as part of Resident’s Rights Month. With even a cursory glance it is clear that this abuse affects millions of seniors and the problem is only due to rise in the coming years.

Widespread Mistreatment

Many of us can relate to growing concerns over loved ones as they continue to age and require more assistance. It can be challenging to meet these changing needs while still recognizing that our elderly loved ones are capable of performing some tasks on their own. It may seem obvious that legal remedies exist for those addressing extreme issues brought up by dementia and other forms of degenerative disease in elderly family members, who may entirely depend on a third party for assistance with daily life activities. What may not be as obvious is that those solutions are legally available to help address our elderly loved one’s needs without necessarily having them declared incompetent, while also enabling them to utilize a proper degree of autonomy.

New York Law

New York Mental Hygiene Law Article 81 was enacted to provide those seeking guardianship, and the Courts, the opportunity of using the least restrictive means of intervention in order to meet the specific personal or property management needs of the elderly individual while still maintaining an appropriate level of independence based on their capabilities. Specifically, Section 81.02(a)(2) of the Article provides that the Court may appoint a guardian to provide for the personal or financial needs of a person without having them declared incompetent, so long as that person agrees to the appointment. This becomes especially relevant in those situations where an individual is just starting to exhibit the first signs or symptoms of a degenerative disease affecting their mental capacity.

Seniors in Continuing Care Communities in neighboring New Jersey are about to have many new ways to protect their rights and obtain better care. On Thursday, October 17, 2013, New Jersey Governor Chris Christie signed the “Bill of Rights for Continuing Care Retirement Community Residents in Independent Living (CCRC).” The bill covers a wide range of issues facing residents in CCRCs, including a resident’s entry into a facility, communication between the facility and the resident, financial issues, and termination of services. The bill also provides for penalties ranging from $250 to $50,000 for violations of the provisions of the bill.

The bill includes the following rights:

· Each resident will be treated with respect, courtesy, consideration, and dignity;

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